How Pressure & Temperature Are Used To Alter Metals

Sometimes, traditional forming and melting methods can’t produce the exact parts or materials needed for a particular piece of equipment or structure. This is where powder metallurgy comes in. Isostatic pressing is a process that uses isostatic pressing equipment to apply a mixture of pressure and temperature to pulverize materials into powders. From these powders, super alloys can be made. We also see applications in the additive manufacturing sectors today.

How Isostatic Pressing Works

Using specially designed vessels made by an isostatic press manufacturer, a gas or liquid is utilized to apply pressure on powders placed in elastomeric molds. This compaction happens in hydrostatic conditions — meaning, the pressure, which ranges from 5,000 psi to above 100,000 psi, is applied uniformly throughout the metal powders contained in the mold. 

This process is also called cold isostatic pressing (CIP). It can be used to press a variety of powders — including metals, ceramics, and even plastics. 

CIP can be done either in a wet bag or a dry bag pressing operation. The former entails the use of independent molds. The molds containing the powder materials are submerged in the pressure vessel and removed once the pressing is done. The pressurized and compacted material will then be retrieved from the molds as a unified component. Often other processes are applied to harden or solidify the part being made.

In the dry bag process, the mold is already incorporated into the vessel itself. Instead of retrieving the part after pressing, a special mechanism will be responsible for ejecting the compacted powder from the pressing mold. This method is more efficient when the press is purposely built. 

When the isostatic pressing is performed at a high temperature (typically 2000°C), it is called hot isostatic pressing (HIP). The elevated temperature helps in removing porosity in the part being produced. As porosity decreases, density is effectively increased. This results in a part that has impeccable mechanical properties — one that can retain its shape long after initial pressure was applied. 

Because of these characteristics, HIP is used in various fields. Its application includes pressure sintering of powder often used to create parts for engine turbines and aircraft. Diffusion bonding (used in nuclear fuel assemblies) eliminates casting defects and micro shrinkage and repairs parts damaged by creep or fatigue. 

The Advantage of Isostatic Pressing

Unlike traditional uniaxial presses, isostatic pressing can produce parts that have high densities and typically complicated shapes. With the help of the right isostatic press manufacturer, engineers in various industries can design specific elastomeric molds to achieve the shape that they desire for a specific part. 

Hot isostatic pressing also guarantees the consistency of mechanical properties of the parts being manufactured. HIP improves a part’s impact and tensile strength as well as its ductility. 

ustomers with a large or a complex compacting project can benefit from the cost-effectiveness that isostatic pressing provides. 

The Right Isostatic Press Manufacturer

Fluitron is a premier manufacturer of high quality pressure vessels, including isostatic presses, custom reactor vessels and high pressure gas compressors. Their selection of isostatic presses ranges from simple manual pressing machines to fully automated versions used by toll processors. 

4 Ways Theodolites Help Surveyors

Before construction begins or when someone needs to identify the legal boundaries of a certain property, surveyors use a theodolite to identify the topographic details of a piece of land or determine a structure’s location. Whether they use a theodolite rental or their own, one thing remains the same: Theodolites are essential optical instruments used in surveying. 

What is a Theodolite

Affixed on a compass tripod for stability, a theodolite consists of a telescope eyepiece, a vertical circle, upper and lower plates, the leveling head and a base. The base is used to connect the body to the tripod, while the telescope is responsible for the identification and aligning of an object. 

The use of this instrument in surveying dates back to the 1500s with several vintage theodolite still around today. Today, mechanical theodolites are still used by meteorological professionals. Most theodolites are now digital, featuring a more advanced internal magnifying optical system for better object alignment. 

Equipped with a more accurate measurement mechanism, this device can give you a precise measurement of both horizontal and vertical angles. The data produced by this instrument, which can be stored digitally, can be used to plot the position of an object in a particular area. 

How Theodolites Help Surveyors

With a trusty digital theodolite and a compass tripod in their arsenal, surveyors can carry on their tasks more smoothly. Here’s how theodolites help these professionals. 

They identify the real boundaries of a property. Evaluating the true boundary of a property is important in producing maps and documents such as wills and deeds. It also helps architects, engineers, and other construction personnel to come up with a construction design that will fit in with the land’s topography. Beyond construction, data about property boundaries can ultimately help owners protect their assets against encroachment. 

They can locate an object’s position even if it’s underground. Modern theodolites don’t just measure horizontal and vertical angles. As they can also extend lines between two points on the ground, surveyors can use them to determine and locate obstacles in the way — no matter the size, and whether it’s located above or underground. This is especially critical during a construction project, particularly in the site preparation stage. 

Most store accurate, electronic readings. They can digitally transmit data directly to a laptop computer while using a USB cord or via a Wi-Fi connection. This kind of data availability is very helpful whenever surveyors have to produce property descriptions or when they’re consulted by professionals working in the field of construction or cartography. 

They are essential in enabling professionals to maintain local codes and regulations. The accurate dimension of a piece of land, together with its topographical information, is important in helping professionals make informed decisions. It’s also vital in assuring the safety of a building that’s to be constructed. For instance, through theodolites, surveyors can help assess if the property is in a flood zone. With such critical information, engineers can create a workaround to help you build a structure that won’t be easily damaged by floods. 

Find the Best Theodolites for Sale and Rental

Planning to buy or rent new digital theodolites for your surveying needs? Warren Knight Instrument Company offers the best theodolite for rent and sale. Their wide selection of this optical instruments is known for their top-notch design and accuracy.

Dispatching Systems That Use IP Connections

At the core of highly efficient organizations that deploy personnel to the field on a day-to-day basis is a reliable dispatching system. In the past, people only relied on traditional means of communication such as analog two-way radios to send out and receive often critical information to one another. With the rise of digital dispatch systems, typical analog communication issues such as reliability, interoperability, and scalability can now be addressed. 

Digitizing Dispatching Systems

In modern society, fast-paced living demands fast-paced communication tools. Having a speedy communications system is particularly essential for certain organizations, such as emergency response teams, utility companies, and other businesses that manage a fleet of vehicles. 

However, the problem with analog-based land mobile radio systems is that signal transmission can encounter various hindrances (e.g. Geographic barriers, natural phenomenon). On top of this, maintaining and scaling the necessary infrastructure needed can be quite expensive. 

The good news is that these concerns can now be resolved.

Using a VoIP Radio over Internet Protocol or RoIP technology devices, the internet is being utilized to transmit and receive voice data. Instead of sending signals via a rather complex network of transmission towers, digital systems that comprise advanced components such as a RoIP interface gateway convert a voice’s sound waves into digital packets of data. 

What’s great about voice dispatch in radio is that it can be cost-effective to integrate into an organization’s existing dispatching and communications system. This means that existing radio devices can still be used, only that they’re now part of a network that is equipped to transmit data via the internet. 

This allows dispatchers and other key personnel manning a dispatch center to efficiently relay information to the workforce in the field. Additionally, field personnel can also report back to their supervisors more swiftly, without the fear of getting their signal jammed by different barriers. 

What It Means For Your Organization

RoIP technology has ushered in a new era for radio communications across various industries — one where signals have become more reliable, efficient, and flexible, the way critical communications systems should be. 

With a digital dispatch system, mobile command and control centers can be deployed whenever and wherever, as long as there’s an internet connection available (e.g. WiFi, 4G, LTE, or satellite connectivity). Hardware components including a RoIP interface gateway, console, and mobile radio units seamlessly work together to ensure that anyone who needs to communicate data to another member of the team can do so promptly — effectively increasing productivity both at an individual and organizational level. 

And as mentioned, IP-centric dispatch systems are cost-effective to scale. Should you need to expand your operations, you can customize and implement upgraded dispatch system software without causing significant disruption to your organization. Even if you have a complex workflow, this type of digital technology can help you meet your communication needs at any given time. 

At the end of the day, dispatch systems that harness the power of RoIP technology ultimately benefit the market that an organization serves. As the organizational workforce can communicate more efficiently, they would be able to provide their specific services better.

Bathroom Designs for Couples: 6 Things To Consider

Your own bathroom should be your own private haven. But it becomes a different story once you live with a partner and start sharing this space with them. If you want your couple’s bathroom to have a stylish yet functional his and hers bathroom design, here are the top six things you need to consider. 

Space availability. Compared with a bathroom for a bachelor or bachelorette, a his and hers bathroom has more design considerations. And for your ideas to come to fruition, you will need to have enough space. 

When you look at great modern traditional bathroom designs, every element has its purpose and is properly laid out. For it to happen, you will need to know the exact dimensions you have so you can come up with a functional floor plan. 

Your needs and non-negotiables. While you as a couple may have common needs and wants — for instance, a smart toilet or a glass enclosed shower — it’s inevitable to have individual non-negotiables. Do you prefer to have separate sinks and vanity cabinets? Do you want to have a heated mirror, so it won’t fog up while someone shaves while the other takes a shower? Considering your personal preferences and listing them down is key to achieving a perfect couple’s bathroom. 

The theme you want. Do you want a natural bathroom designs that are healing? How about a French provincial look oozing with warmth and romance? If you have varying style preferences, do you want to have them combined or opt for a neutral look that’s timeless and easy to renovate? Whichever style you prefer, don’t ever compromise the quality of materials that you’ll use. And to make your bathroom truly yours, don’t forget to showcase the couple’s bathroom decor that speaks to your personality as a couple. 

Bathroom technology. Today’s bathrooms have become more advanced, sophisticated, and convenient. Considering and weighing each other’s needs and wants, you can incorporate several extras in your bathroom design. For instance, you can request heated floors for a cozy feel. You can equip your bathroom with a smart toilet or a shower that lets you control water pressure. 

Storage solutions. Having a his and hers bathroom entails having more need for adequate storage space. For your private sanctuary to be truly relaxing, it has to be free of clutter. This is why when you’re creating a bathroom for you and your partner, you have to be wise with how you’d incorporate cabinets, shelving, and even hidden, technology-assisted storage spaces. 

Your budget. Curious how much a bathroom remodel will cost you? From essential bathroom fixtures to personalized bathroom decor, you have to include all your expenditure in a budget plan. This will help you monitor your spending and prevent exceeding the budget you’ve previously allocated. Because a couple’s bathroom can be considered an investment, you’d want every penny that you spend to be truly worth it. 

Create the Perfect Bathroom for You and Your Partner

Want to create a his and hers bathroom design that fits you and your partner? Tobias Design are bathroom designers in NJ that can turn your ideas and wishes into a reality that’s truly reflective of who are as a couple. They’re an expert in producing modern traditional bathroom designs that marry aesthetics and functionality.